Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite
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چکیده
The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of chlorine dioxide and chlorite. It contains descriptions and evaluations of toxicological studies and epidemiological investigations and provides conclusions, where possible, on the relevance of toxicity and toxicokinetic data to public health.
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The reaction of chloroperoxidase with chlorite and chlorine dioxide.
Chloroperoxidase catalyzes the dismutation of chlorite-forming chloride, chlorine dioxide, chlorate, and oxygen as products. The yields of chlorine dioxide are variable because chloroperoxidase also catalyzes the decomposition of this compound and, in addition, moderate concentrations of chlorine dioxide inactivate the enzyme. Chloride, chlorate, and oxygen are the products of the decomposition...
متن کاملCatalytic reactions of chlorite with a polypyridylruthenium(II) complex: disproportionation, chlorine dioxide formation and alcohol oxidation.
cis-[Ru(2,9-Me(2)phen)(2)(OH(2))(2)](2+) reacts readily with chlorite at room temperature at pH 4.9 and 6.8. The ruthenium(II) complex can catalyze the disproportionation of chlorite to chlorate and chloride, the oxidation of chlorite to chlorine dioxide, as well as the oxidation of alcohols by chlorite.
متن کاملMechanism of the chlorination reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase with chlorite.
Horseradish peroxidase and chlorite, NaC102, are able to catalyze chlorination of monochlorodimedone to form dichlorodimedone. Catalytic amounts of horseradish peroxidase act to disproportionate chlorite forming chlorine dioxide and chloride ion. The chlorine dioxide thus formed is responsible for the chlorination of monochlorodimedone. It was previously thought (Chiang, R., Rand-Meir, T., Maki...
متن کاملPathology of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to chlorine dioxide and chlorite.
Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to the biocide chlorine dioxide (0.13 and 0.19 mg l-1) for up to 12 h and to its primary decomposition product, chlorite (177 and 304 mg l-1), for up to 96 h followed by recovery periods of up to 14 days. Chlorine dioxide exposure produced dose-dependent gill pathology including epithelial lifting, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, and...
متن کاملA 17-month evaluation of a chlorine dioxide water treatment system to control Legionella species in a hospital water supply.
OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of a chlorine dioxide water treatment system in controlling Legionella in a hospital water supply. DESIGN For 17 months following installation of the system, we performed regular water cultures throughout the building, assessed chlorine dioxide and chlorite levels, and monitored metal corrosion. RESULTS Sites that grew Legionella species decreased...
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